(a) the status of poverty across the country in absolute numbers;
(b) whether N.C. Saxena Committee has proposed any new poverty estimates in
recent years;
(c) if so, whether the Government intends to implement those recommendations; and
(d) if so, the details thereof alongwith the plans to revise the Below Poverty
Line (BPL) list in the country?
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT (SHRI PRADEEP JAIN `ADITYA`)
(a): The Planning Commission is the nodal agency in the Government of India for
estimation of poverty at the National and State levels. As per latest official poverty
estimates for the year 2004-05, the total number of persons living below poverty line
(BPL) for the year 2004-05 is 301.7 million accounting for 27.5% of the total population.
The Planning Commission in December, 2005 constituted an Expert Group under the
Chairmanship of Prof. Suresh D. Tendulkar to review alternate concepts of poverty and
to recommend changes in the existing procedure used for official estimates of poverty.
The Tendulkar Committee submitted its report in December, 2009 and recommended the Mixed
Reference Period (MRP) equivalent Poverty Line Basket (PLB) corresponding to urban
poverty ratio of 25.7% at all India level as the new reference PLB. This new reference
PLB has been applied to rural as well as urban population in all the States. The
resulting estimate of the all-India rural poverty head count ratio for 2004-05 was
placed at 41.8 percent, urban poverty head count ratio at 25.7 percent and 37.2 percent
at all-India level which accounts for 407.6 million persons. The poverty lines for rural
and urban areas based on per capita consumption expenditure of Rs.446.68 and Rs.578.80
per month respectively for the year 2004-05 recommended by the Tendulkar Committee have
been accepted by the Planning Commission.
(b): Dr. N.C. Saxena Committee was set up by the Ministry of Rural Development to
advise it on the suitable methodology for BPL Census and not for estimation of poverty.
However, in the Report submitted by the Expert Group on 21st August 2009 it is mentioned
that the percentage of people entitled to BPL status should be revised upwards to at
least 50%. The committee has suggested proportionate increase in the state level poverty
estimates also.
(c)&(d): The recommendations of the Expert Group and other alternative methodologies
are being tested through a pilot socio-economic survey and a Participatory Rural
Appraisal (PRA) exercise in order to finalize the methodology for the final BPL Census.