Question : Female Teachers

(a) whether there is an acute shortage of women teachers in primary, upper primary and
secondary level schools in rural areas and a number of schools in rural areas operate out of
Kachcha buildings and if so, the details thereof and the reasons therefor;
(b) whether the Government has assessed the student-women teacher ratio in the country and
if so, the details thereof and the outcome thereof;
(c) whether the Government has conducted any survey/study to ascertain the required vis-avis
actual teacher-student ratio in the country and if so, the details thereof and if not, the
reasons therefor;
(d) whether the Government proposes to set up schools under PPP mode to impart quality
education in the country particularly in rural areas and if so, the details thereof; and
(e) the steps taken/proposed to be taken to improve the teacher-student ratio and recruitment
quality of teachers especially women teachers for the betterment of education system in rural
areas?

MINISTER OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
(SHRI RAMESH POKHRIYAL ''NISHANK'')
(a) to (e): Education is in the Concurrent List of the Constitution, therefore, majority of the
schools are under the jurisdiction of the respective State and Union Territory (UT)
Government. Hence, the recruitment, service conditions and deployment of teachers as also
management of the schools are primarily in the domain of the respective State Government and
UT Administration. As per the Unified District Information System for Education (UDISE)
2018-19 (provisional), out of the total number of teachers in Government primary, upper
primary and secondary schools in rural areas, 40.56% are female teachers and the total number
of schools having Kachcha building blocks in rural areas is 24940.
The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009 in its
Schedule lays down Pupil-Teacher Ratio (PTR) for both primary and upper primary schools
which are 30:1 and 35:1 respectively. As per the framework of erstwhile scheme Rashtriya
Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA)- now subsumed under Samagra Shiksha, PTR at
secondary level should be 30:1. As per UDISE 2017-18 (provisional), the PTR at national level
for primary schools is 23:1, for upper primary schools is 25:1 and for Secondary level is 26:1.
The recruitment of teachers is a continuous process and the vacancies keep arising due to
retirement and additional requirements on account of enhanced students’ strength. However,
Ministry of Human Resource Development has been requesting all the States and UT
Governments for filling-up the vacant posts of teachers and their rational deployment, for
which the Ministry issues advisories to all States and UTs from time to time.
Further, the Central Government through the Centrally Sponsored Scheme of
Samagra Shiksha, provides assistance to the States and UTs for deployment of additional
teachers to maintain appropriate Pupil Teacher Ratio as per the prescribed norms for various
levels of schooling
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