Question : Unemployment

(a) whether the country is facing high level of unemployment day by day during the last three years and the current year along with the steps taken to reduce the unemployment and increase employment;
(b) the number of jobs provided in Government/Private Sectors during the last three years and the current year along with the efforts made by the Government to collect data in this regard, State/UT-wise, sector-wise;
(c) whether any survey has been conducted for jobs created for 2014 till date, if so, the details and the findings thereof along with any task force set by the Government on declining employment in the country;
(d) whether the job creation is not done at the desired level in the country, despite several efforts in this direction and if so, the details thereof along with the details of jobs created in various sectors of the economy during the last three years;
(e) the details of further steps taken/being taken by the Government to create more number of jobs for the youth in the country; and
(f) whether the Government is of the opinion that ‘Make in India’ campaign was successful to create enough job opportunities in the country and if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor?

MINISTER OF STATE (IC) FOR LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
(SHRI SANTOSH KUMAR GANGWAR)

(a):As per the results of available labour force surveys on Employment-Unemployment conducted by Labour Bureau, Ministry of Labour and Employment, the estimated unemployment rate for persons aged 15 years and above on usual status basis in the country in 2012-13, 2013-14 and 2015-16 was 4.0%, 3.4% and 3.7% respectively.
Employment generation coupled with improving employability is the priority of the Government. Pradhan Mantri Kaushal VikasYojana (PMKVY) is the flagship scheme of the Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship (MSDE). The objective of this Skill Certification Scheme is to enable a large number of Indian youth to take up industry-relevant skill training that will help them in securing a better livelihood.
Pradhan Mantri Rojgar Protsahan Yojana has been launched by the Ministry of Labour and Employment for incentivising employers for promoting employment generation. Under this scheme, Government is paying entire employer’s contribution (12% or as admissible) towards EPF and EPS for all eligible new employees for all sectors for 3 years.
Government has implemented the National Career Service (NCS) Project which comprises a digital portal that provides a nation-wide online platform for the job seekers and employers for job-matching in a dynamic, efficient and responsive manner and has a repository of career content to job seekers.

(b): Recruitment under central government is primarily made by various recruitment agencies namely Union Public Service Commission (UPSC), Staff Selection Commission (SSC), Railway Recruitment Board (RRB) etc. Besides these, many Ministries/Departments have their own recruitment mechanism for certain posts in their domain. There is no centralized agency to collect data from all recruitment agencies. The Government posts are regularly filled up in accordance with the prescribed recruitment rules. The year-wise number of persons recruited through the main recruitment agencies of the Central Government as available in Ministry of Labour and Employment is given below:
Year No. of candidates recommended by UPSC No. of candidates recommended by SSC No. of candidates empanelled/ recruited by RRB/ RRCs Total
2014-15 8272 58066 47186 113524
2015-16 6866 25138 79803 111807
2016-17 5735 68880 26318 100933

The above figures do not include recruitments made by the various Ministries through their own mechanism, State Governments, Banks, Other Financial Institutions, Universities, Central Public Sector Enterprises, Statutory/Autonomous Bodies and directly by the Ministries/Departments without going through UPSC, SSC and other recruiting agencies.
Pradhan Mantri Rojgar Protsahan Yojana (PMRPY) has been launched by the Ministry of Labour and Employment for incentivising employers for promoting employment generation. Under this scheme, Government is paying entire employer’s contribution (12% or as admissible) towards EPF and EPS for all eligible new employees for all sectors for 3 years. Till 10-12-2018, the scheme covered 1,15,113 establishments and 92.23 lakh beneficiaries.
(c): To ascertain employment and unemployment situation in the country, National Sample Survey Office (NSSO), Ministry of Statistics &Programme Implementation has launched (during 2017-18) Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS). In addition, Labour Bureau, Ministry of Labour and Employment has conducted employment-unemployment surveys in 2015-16. As per the survey results, the findings are as given below:
For persons aged 15 years and above on usual status basis in the country (in%)

Category of persons Labour Force Participation Rate Worker Population Ratio Unemployment Rate
Rural Male 78.0 75.7 2.9
Female 31.7 30.2 4.7
Person 55.8 53.9 3.4
Urban Male 69.1 67.1 3.0
Female 16.6 14.8 10.9
Person 43.7 41.8 4.4
Rural + Urban Male 75.5 73.3 3.0
Female 27.4 25.8 5.8
Person 52.4 50.5 3.7
A Task Force on improving employment data under Ministry of Labour& Employment had been set up. It has inter-alia recommended that in addition to the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS), a new time-use survey be conducted and instituted by M/o Statistics &Programme Implementation (MoSPI). It recommended for tapping administrative data from sources like Employee’s Provident Fund Organization (EPFO), Employee State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) and National Pension Scheme (NPS) to collect data on certain category of workers.
(d) to (f): Government has taken various steps for generating employment in the country like encouraging private sector of economy, fast-tracking various projects involving substantial investment and increasing public expenditure on schemes like Prime Minister’s Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP), Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen KaushalyaY ojana (DDU-GKY) and Deendyal Antodaya Yojana-National Urban Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NULM).
The progress of these schemes is given below:
Employment Generated
Schemes/Year 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19
Estimated employment generated under PMEGP (in lakh) 4.08 3.87 1.11
(till 30-06-2018)
Persondays Generated under MGNREGS ( in crore) 235.64 234.26 168.11
(till 06-12-2018)
Candidates placed
under DDU-GKY (in lakh) 1.48 0.76 0.96
(till 03-12-2018)
Placement under
DAY-NULM (in lakh) 1.52 1.15 0.23
(till 09-07-2018)

Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) has been initiated by Government for facilitating self-employment. Under PMMY collateral free loans upto Rs. 10 lakh, are extended to small/micro business enterprises and to individuals to enable them to setup or expand their business activities. Till 30th November, 2018, total 14.75 crore loans have been sanctioned in which 4.09 crore are beneficiaries.
The ‘Make in India’ is an initiative launched in 2014, which aims at promoting India as an important investment destination and a global hub in manufacturing, design and innovation. It aims to create a conducive environment for investment, development of modern and efficient infrastructure, opening up new sectors for foreign investment and forging a partnership between Government and industry through a positive mind set. Employment generation is influenced by a range of domestic and international factors, including enabling policies. Government has been taking steps to boost employment generation in the country.
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