THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR JAL SHAKTI & SOCIAL JUSTICE AND EMPOWERMENT
(SHRI RATTAN LAL KATARIA)
(a) & (b) Yes, Government is awate of soil erosion caused by heavy floods and consequent damages. Soil erosion by river is a dynamic and natural process resulting in changes in river course and causing loss of land, the intensity of which varies with time and space. The extent of maximum area affected in a year by floods as per XII Plan Working Group Report on “Flood Management and Region Specific Issues: is 49.815 million hectare. The details of damages caused by floods across the country State-wise as per the data available with Central Water Commission during the year 2015, 2016 and 2017 are at Axxexure-I
(c) & (d) In order to assess the extent of coastal erosion at national level, a Shoreline Change Atlas of the Indian coast, has been prepared by Space Application Centre, Ahmedabad in association with Central Water Commission (CWC), funded by then Ministry of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation. This Atlas comprises of shoreline change maps prepared using satellite data of different timeframe, on 1:25,000 scale for the entire country. The maps show eroding, stable and accreting coast along with the status of coastal protection measures taken up by maritime States/UTs.
Ministry of Earth |Sciences through National Centre for Coastal Research, Chennai is monitoring the shoreline changes along Indian coast on annual basis, which provides information on coastal erosion at district level in 1:25,000 scale. So far, 26 years data from 1990 to 2016 has been analysed and found that ~33% of mainland coastline is subjected to erosion. Over all, during 1990 to 2016, about 231.50 sq. km of land is gained by accretion and 234.25 sq. km land was lost by erosion along the Indian mainland. The State-wise status of sea erosion (1990-2016) along the Indian Coast is as given in Annexure II
(e) and (f) The subject of flood management including erosion control being within the purview of the States, the flood management and anti-erosion schemes are planned, investigated and implemented by the State Governments with their own resources as per priority within the State. The Union Government supplements the efforts of the States by way of technical guidance and promotional financial assistance to the States for flood management in critical areas.
A Centrally Sponsored Scheme “Critical anti-sea erosion works in coastal and other than Ganga basin States” was implemented by Government of India during X plan period under which the anti-sea erosion works of the States of karnatka ,kerala, Maharastra, Odisha, Tamil nadu, and UT of Puducherry were included and provided central assistance. This centrally sponsored scheme along with three others were merged together and a restructured scheme namely “Flood Management Programme (FMP)” under State Sector in Central plan was launched in XI plan period for providing central assistance to the State Governments for taking up works related to river management, flood control, anti-erosion,, drainage development, flood proofing works , restoration of damaged flood management works and anti-sea erosion works which was continued during XII plan. A scheme viz.”Flood Management and Border Areas Programme (FMBAP) for flood management works in entire country and River Management activities and works related to Border Areas with an outlay of Rs. 3342 crores is under implementation during 2017-18 to 2019-20.
Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change (MoEF & CC) is implementing Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) project in the identified coastal stretches of three States namely Gujarat, Odisha and West Bengal. Under this Project, MoEF & CC has mapped shoreline changes through National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management (NCSCM), Chennai in association with the Institute for Ocean Management (IOM), Anna University, Chennai and designated high erosion, medium erosion, low erosion/stable coast along Coast of India.
Mapping and demarcation of Hazard line along the mainland of the Indian coast is one of the major initiatives to control and protect the coastal lives, infrastructures from natural hazards like storm, tsunami and cyclone which is carried out by survey of india as an activity of national component of ICZM project. The hazard line is the composite lines of the erosion line and flood line. Hazard line will be most important management tool in the area of coastal management. The work of mapping and delineation of hazard line is completed.
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ANNEXURE-I
ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (a) to (b) OF UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3119 TO BE ANSWERED IN LOK SABHA ON 11.07.2019 REGARDING “SOIL EROSION”
STATEMENT SHOWING STATE-WISE FLOOD DAMAGE DURING 2017
Sl.No Name of State Area Affected (Mha) Population Affected (Million) Damages to Crops Damage to Houses Cattle Lost Nos. Human Lives Lost Nos. Damage to Public Utilities (Rs. Crore) Total Damages Crops,Houses & Public Utilities (Rs. Crore)
Area (Mha) Value (Rs. Crore) Nos. Value (Rs. Crore)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1 ANDHRA PRADESH 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 25 0.000 0 1 0.000 0.000
2 ARUNACHAL PRADESH
0.106 0.199 0.041 97.540 1463 5.550 1177 60 1471.590 1574.680
3 ASSAM 0.280 5.602 0.280 178.690 111070 90.940 2763 160 3895.180 4164.810
4 BIHAR 0.810 17.164 0.810 0.000 118410 0.000 373 514 0.000 0.000
5 CHATTISGARH 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 929 0.000 0 52 0.000 0.000
6 GOA Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
7 GUJARAT 0.891 0.520 0.891 8.600 38796 15.740 9445 284 3531.530 3555.870
8 HARYANA 0.001 0.000 0.001 17.960 8 0.047 0 0 0.000 18.007
9 HIMACHAL PRADESH 0.006 6.865 0.003 34.607 2195 13.300 199 75 3.460 51.367
10 JAMMU & KASHMIR 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 92 0.000 0 7 0.000 0.000
11 JHARKHAND 0.000 0.178 0.000 0.000 183 0.667 5 2 0.000 0.667
12 KARNATAKA 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1910 0.000 0 84 0.000 0.000
13 KERALA 0.000 0.037 0.001 0.000 5288 0.000 76 80 0.000 0.000
14 MADHYA PRADESH 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000 0 0 0.000 0.000
15 MAHARASHTRA 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000 0 148 0.000 0.000
16 MANIPUR 0.089 0.000 0.089 0.000 18989 0.000 0 21 0.000 0.000
17 MEGHALAYA 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 148 0.140 0 1 0.000 0.140
18 MIZORAM 0.046 0.130 0.046 11.890 5437 19.950 9 11 72.180 104.020
19 NAGALAND 0.568 0.667 0.568 9.300 4200 18.200 2515 29 524.090 551.590
20 ORISSA 0.658 0.697 0.021 0.000 5610 0.000 1316 3 334.315 334.315
21 PUNJAB 0.006 0.000 0.006 18.230 130 0.410 6 5 0.000 18.640
22 RAJASTHAN 1.087 3.586 0.739 1333.221 57290 30.450 5536 101 513.186 1876.858
23 SIKKIM 0.002 0.033 0.001 5.000 810 9.270 110 10 231.170 245.440
24 TAMILNADU 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 9 0.000 0 1 0.000 0.000
25 TRIPURA 0.057 0.020 0.047 14.387 24682 20.549 193 17 97.888 132.824
26 UTTAR PRADESH 0.437 2.923 0.396 308.053 26834 0.000 93 121 0.000 308.053
27 UTTARAKHAND 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1410 0.000 0 59 0.000 0.000
28 WEST BENGAL 1.033 8.723 1.033 6914.500 826982 9158.280 2857 217 1655.160 17727.940
29 ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLAND Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
30 CHANDIGARH Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
31 DADAR & NAGAR HAVELI 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000 0 0 0.100 0.100
32 DAMAN & DIU 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 14 0.525 0 0 0.000 0.525
33 DELHI 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000 0 0 0.000 0.000
34 LAKSHADWEEP Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
35 PUDUCHERRY 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000 0 0 0.000 0.000
Total 6.076 47.343 4.972 8951.978 1252914 9384.018 26673 2063 12329.849 30665.846
STATEMENT SHOWING STATE-WISE FLOOD DAMAGE DURING 2016
Sl.No Name of State Area Affected (Mha) Population Affected (Million) Damages to Crops Damage to Houses Cattle Lost Nos. Human Lives Lost Nos. Damage to Public Utilities (Rs. Crore) Total Damages Crops,Houses & Public Utilities (Rs. Crore)
Area (Mha) Value (Rs. Crore) Nos. Value (Rs. Crore)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1 ANDHRA PRADESH 0.003 0.386 0.003 4 3 0.000
2 ARUNACHAL PRADESH
354 15671 42 0.000
3 ASSAM 0.003 0.000 36 17.890 17.890
4 BIHAR 0.410 8.823 0.410 443.530 16717 44.262 246 254 40.970 528.762
5 CHATTISGARH 0.000
6 GOA 0 0 0 0 0 0.000 0 0 0 0.000
7 GUJARAT 0.012 128 322 99 0.000
8 HARYANA 0.004 0.000 0.004 518.235 49 4.212 1 2 0.000 522.447
9 HIMACHAL PRADESH 0.035 6.865 0.035 26.830 2283 15.270 136 40 3.020 45.120
10 JAMMU & KASHMIR 3 0.000
11 JHARKHAND 0.000
12 KARNATAKA 3.780 2.180 3.780 1771.260 21224 5.370 521 63 236.180 2012.810
13 KERALA 0.002 0.006 0.002 42.680 5809 56 66 42.680
14 MADHYA PRADESH 1.304 1.560 1.304 168267 2623 327 207.860 207.860
15 MAHARASHTRA 0.015 0.077 0.015 8164 1036 145 0.000
16 MANIPUR 0.000
17 MEGHALAYA 0.003 0.124 0.003 17.730 1412 15.477 0 4 29.322 62.529
18 MIZORAM 1.790 1.790
19 NAGALAND
20 ORISSA 0.009 0.015 9 0.050 3 31.245 31.295
21 PUNJAB 0.001 0.000 0.001 1.140 20 0.025 0 13 0.495 1.660
22 RAJASTHAN 0.884 4.381 0.796 1014.221 14494 20.378 635 129 164.514 1199.113
23 SIKKIM 6 0.000
24 TAMILNADU 0.000
25 TRIPURA 0.037 0.091 0.019 89.122 455 0.235 3 89.357
26 UTTAR PRADESH 0.569 2.032 0.277 123.776 35525 293 74 123.776
27 UTTARAKHAND 0.010 0.010 4.200 3324 9.397 823 114 774.640 788.237
28 WEST BENGAL 0.000
29 ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLAND Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
30 CHANDIGARH Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
31 DADAR & NAGAR HAVELI 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000 0 0 0.000 0.000
32 DAMAN & DIU 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000 0 0 0.000 0.000
33 DELHI 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000 0 0 0.000 0.000
34 LAKSHADWEEP Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
35 PUDUCHERRY 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000 0 0 0.000 0.000
Total 7.065 26.555 6.658 4052.723 278240 114.676 22367 1420 1507.926 5675.325
STATEMENT SHOWING STATE-WISE FLOOD DAMAGE DURING 2015
Sl.No Name of State Area Affected (Mha) Population Affected (Million) Damages to Crops Damage to Houses Cattle Lost Nos. Human Lives Lost Nos. Damage to Public Utilities (Rs. Crore) Total Damages Crops,Houses & Public Utilities (Rs. Crore)
Area (Mha) Value (Rs. Crore) Nos. Value (Rs. Crore)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1 ANDHRA PRADESH 0.000 103 420 28 0.000
2 ARUNACHAL PRADESH
0.014 0.177 0.014 15.294 1702 16.946 848 29 1730.570 1762.810
3 ASSAM 0.002 0.018 0.002 16 3.318 3.318
4 BIHAR 0.279 0.000 518 0.694 1 27 62.000 62.694
5 CHATTISGARH 0.000
6 GOA 0 0 0 0 0 0.000 0 0 0 0.000
7 GUJARAT 4.000 98 0.000
8 HARYANA 0.097 0.160 0.094 437.200 24 0.025 1 0 0.000 437.225
9 HIMACHAL PRADESH 0.006 6.865 121.380 3264 6.690 686 133 2.550 130.620
10 JAMMU & KASHMIR 3 0.000
11 JHARKHAND 0.000
12 KARNATAKA 0.174 0.174 776.480 10427 12.020 430 128 75.490 863.990
13 KERALA 0.006 0.017 0.006 6705 4 74 6.507 6.507
14 MADHYA PRADESH 0.000 1.000 3442 54 19 69.010 69.010
15 MAHARASHTRA 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000 0 0 0.000 0.000
16 MANIPUR 0.045 0.427 0.045 35.050 11607 43.000 29 16 396.640 474.690
17 MEGHALAYA 0.000 50 1 0.000
18 MIZORAM 0.189 0.000 0.189 0.386 4 0.200 0 0 0.050 0.636
19 NAGALAND
20 ORISSA 0.046 0.012 0.046 573 3 0.000
21 PUNJAB 0.037 0.032 0.037 63.860 462 2.680 23 11 98.000 164.540
22 RAJASTHAN 1.559 6.257 0.464 1122.246 70290 48.339 3607 54 234.445 1405.030
23 SIKKIM 0.600 0.600 303 0.000
24 TAMILNADU 0.383 3.042 0.383 2782.788 3015270 16215 421 23129.722 25912.510
25 TRIPURA 0.001 0.014 0.001 247.908 3255 20.735 21 1 42.120 310.763
26 UTTAR PRADESH 0.010 6 0.000
27 UTTARAKHAND 411 181 33 0.000
28 WEST BENGAL 1.300 10.840 1.300 11433.680 830245 7895.630 22774 338 6023.960 25353.270
29 ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLAND 0.002 0.477 149 0.010 0 0.000 0.487
30 CHANDIGARH Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
31 DADAR & NAGAR HAVELI 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000 0 0 0.000 0.000
32 DAMAN & DIU 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000 0 0 0.000 0.000
33 DELHI 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 0.000 0 0 0.000 0.000
34 LAKSHADWEEP Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
35 PUDUCHERRY 0.020 0.050 0.020 7.200 668 3 325.800 333.000
Total 4.478 33.203 3.374 17043.948 3959191 8046.969 45597 1420 32200.182 57291.098
Annexure II
ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (c) to (d) OF UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3119 TO BE ANSWERED IN LOK SABHA ON 11.07.2019 REGARDING “SOIL EROSION”
Sl No State Coast Length
(in Km) Length of eroding coast
(in Km)
km %
1 West Coast Gujarat 1701.78 524.84 31
2 Maharashtra 739.57 178.26 24
3 Goa 139.64 16.82 12
4 Karnataka 313.02 70.02 22
5 Kerala 592.96 263.04 45
6 East Coast Tamil Nadu 991.47 407.05 41
7 Puducherry 41.66 23.80 57
8 Andhra Pradesh 1027.58 272.34 27
9 Odisha 549.50 153.80 28
10 West Bengal 534.35 336.52 63
Total 6631.53 Km 2156.43 Km
% 33%
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