(a) whether as per 2011 census,75 per cent of India’s tribal populationdefecates in the open and 33 per cent doesnot have access to safe source of drinkingwater;
(b) if so, the details thereof and if not,the factual data in this regard; and
(c) the action taken by theGovernment and the current status in thisregard?
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF DRINKING WATER & SANITATION
(SHRI RAMESH CHANDAPPA JIGAJINAGI)
(a) and (b) As per 2011 census, overall 75% Scheduled Tribes (STs) households in the country were defecating in the open. Further, 26.66% of total tribal population in the country did not have access to safe source of drinking water.
(c) The Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) [SBM(G)] was launched on 2nd October, 2014 with the aim at attaining Swachh Bharat by 2nd October 2019by providing access to toilet facilities to all rural households in the country.The focus of the scheme is on behavior change and usage of toilets. The following steps have been taken under the programme:-
• 10% of annual budget allocation is earmarked for Scheduled Tribes (STs).
• Focus is being given on community based collective behavior change by massive campaigning at the national and States level.
• Focus is also on creation of complete ODF villages, rather than only on construction of individual toilets.
• Given the vast socio-economic-cultural diversity of India, and also from the point of view of promoting innovations, the programme provides flexibility to the States to choose the strategy best suited to them in its implementation.
• Greater emphasis is being given on capacity building, especially in community approaches and programme management, by imparting training to the States and selected organizations called Key Resource Centres (KRCs), involving District Collectors to provide leadership to the programme at the district level.
• The programme is being run as a janandolan with cooperation of all sections of the society including the NGOs, corporates, youth etc. The Panchayats are being actively involved.
• There is an emphasis on streamlining administrative and financial procedures, both to cut down on time, as well as to increase accountability.
• Innovations in technology is being promoted at the National and State levels. A national Committee under the chairmanship of Prof. R.A. Mashelkar has been constituted to examine all the new technologies from the point of view of safety and feasibility.
• ZilaSwachhataPreraks have been engaged for support of districts.
As per data available in the Integrated Management Information System (IMIS) of SBM(G), 85%STs households have access to toilets as on 28.3.2018.
Under National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP), 10% of the total allocation of funds is earmarked to be used for the supply of drinking water to Scheduled Tribe (ST) dominated habitations. States have been directed to take special care for the implementation of its schemes / programmes in tribal areas and report its progress separately on the online Integrated Management Information System (IMIS) of the Ministry. As per information provided by States on the IMIS, out of total number of 3,65,052 rural tribal habitations in the country, 3,01,894 (82.70 %) habitations are fully covered (getting 40 litres per capita per day (lpcd) of drinking water), 53,072 (14.54 %) habitations are partially covered (getting less than 40 lpcd of drinking water) and 10,086 (2.76 %) habitations are quality affected where drinking water is chemically contaminated.
Further, as per restructured NRDWP guideline, the focus is mainly on providing Piped Water Supply to rural population ultimately by 2030 to honour the commitment made by the country in the international forum while agreeing for United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG)-2030.