MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF DRINKING WATER & SANITATION
(SHRI RAMESH CHANDAPPA JIGAJINAGI)
(a) The main objectives of the SBM (Gramin) are as under:
a) Bring about an improvement in the general quality of life in the rural areas, by promoting cleanliness, hygiene and eliminating open defecation.
b) Accelerate sanitation coverage in rural areas to achieve the vision of Swachh Bharat by 2nd October 2019.
c) Motivate Communities and Panchayati Raj Institutions to adopt sustainable sanitation practices and facilities through awareness creation and health education.
d) Encourage cost effective and appropriate technologies for ecologically safe and sustainable sanitation.
e) Develop where required, Community managed sanitation systems focusing on scientific Solid & Liquid Waste Management systems for overall cleanliness in the rural areas.
The following are the strategies adopted under SBM(G) :-
• The focus of the Swachh Bharat Mission is on behaviour change and usage of toilets. While individual toilets continue to be provided on demand, there is a focus on village saturation and achievement of open defecation free (ODF) communities. This involves collective behavioural change of the entire community through intensive triggering and follow-up. This change of mindset involving changing of age-old habits is a very challenging task. However, given the fact that collective change leads to improved health outcome, the Swachh Bharat Mission lays emphasis on this.
• The uniform parameters of ODF have been defined, so that there is a common understanding of the term across the country. As per the definition, the ODF comprises not just access to a toilet , but also usage of toilet and safe technology.
• A key thrust of the Swachh Bharat Mission programme is the flexibility provided to the States in implementation. The States can now, depending on their socio-economic-cultural milieu, adopt strategies considered most appropriate by them.
• The programe has a strong thrust on equity, and focuses on the marginalized sections. The emphasis of the programme on community approach ensures that all sections of the community – especially the poor and the marginalized – participate in the deliberations and decisions in the community, towards adopting safer sanitation practices.
(b) Component-Wise, funding pattern under SBM(G) is as under :-
S.N. Component Amount earmarked as percent of the SBM(G) project outlay Contribution Share
GOI State Beneficiary
Household/
Community
a. IEC, Start Up Activity and Capacity Building Up to 8% of total project cost, with 3% to be utilized at the Central level and 5% at State level. 60% 40% 0%
b. Revolving Fund Up to 5% 60% 40% 0%
c. (i) Individual Household Latrines
Actual amount required for full coverage Rs.7,200 (60%)
(Rs.10,800 (90%) in case of NE States, J&K and Special category States ) Rs.4,800 (40%)
(Rs.1,200 (10%) in case of NE States, J&K and Special category States ) 0%
(ii) Community Sanitary Complexes Actual amount required for full coverage 60% 30% 10%
f. Administrative charges Up to 2% of the project cost 60% 40% 0%
g. Solid/Liquid Waste Management (Capital Cost) Actual amount as per SLWM project cost within limits permitted 60% 40% 0%
• For NE and Special category States, sharing pattern between central and state is in ratio of 90:10
(c) Since Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) is demand driven scheme, hence State-wise funds are not allocated. However, State/UT wise, central share released during each of the last three years and the current year is at Annexure-1.
(d)and (e) Ministry regularly review the SBM(G). Against the expected outcome of 50 lakh individual latrines for the year 2014-15, 58,54,987 latrines were constructed, which is an achievement of 117% of the target. During 2015-16, 127.41 lakh toilets were constructed against expected outcome of 120.00 lakh. For the year 2016-17, against the expected outcome of 1.5 crore individual latrines, 19438565 individual latrines (129%) have been constructed as on 27-03-2017. Sanitation Coverage, which was 42.01% on 2.10.2014, has increased to 62.49% on 27-03-2017. A total of 1,80,052 Villages, 84,198 Gram Panchayats, 1,168 Blocks and 121 District have declared themselves as Open Defecation Free (ODF) as on 27-03-2017. In addition, 3 States namely Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh and Kerala have also been declared ODF.
(f) Under SBM(G), the following steps have been taken for effective implementation of the programme :-
• Focus on behavior change: Community based collective behavior change has been mentioned as the preferred approach. Focus is also on creation of complete open defecation free (ODF) villages.
• The programme provides flexibility to the States in the implementation. This is essential, given the vast socio-economic-cultural diversity of India.
• There is a greater emphasis on capacity building, especially in community approaches and programme management. More than 530 Collectors from across the country have been trained. In order to provide exposure to officers at their entry level itself, a training module has been developed for LBSNAA, Mussoorie. The IAS and other Group A probationers are being given training for better implementation of SBM(G), including ‘triggering’ behavior change in communities.
• The programme is being run as a janandolan with cooperation of all sections of the society including the NGOs, Corporates, youth etc. The Panchayats are being actively involved.
• There is an emphasis on streamlining administrative and financial procedures, both to cut down on time, as well as to increase accountability.
• Innovations in technology is being promoted at the National and State levels. There is a National Committee under Prof. R.A.Mashelkar that examines all new technologies from the point of view of safety and feasibility.
• Sanitation is being prioritized amongst the overall development agenda. The Government has taken a decision to prioritise all Centrally Sponsored Schemes in ODF villages.
• Monitoring and Evaluation has also been strengthened. The IMIS has data up to household level, with provision to capture geo-tagged photographs of toilets. A Swachhta App has been developed that provides online information on sanitation status up to household level.
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