(a) whether the Government is aware that 21 major cities will face water scarcity due to ground water depletion in 2020 and if so, the names of such cities, State-wise;
(b) whether the Government is going to take measures to resolve this issue through inter-linking of river waters or desalination of sea water; and
(c) if so, the details thereof?
THE MINISTER OF JAL SHAKTI
(SHRI GAJENDRA SINGH SHEKHAWAT)
(a) to (c) A Statement is laid on the Table of the House.
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STATEMENT REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PARTS (a) TO (c) OF STARRED QUESTION NO. *63 TO BE ANSWERED IN LOK SABHA ON 21.11.2019 REGARDING “WATER SCARCITY IN MAJOR CITIES” ASKED BY SHRI BALUBHAU ALIAS SURESH NARAYAN DHANORKAR & SHRI K. NAVASKANI, M.P.s
(a) NITI Aayog, in its report titled “Composite Water Management Index” published in June 2018, has mentioned that 21 major cities are expected to run out of groundwater by 2020. This is based on the estimates of annual groundwater replenishment and its extraction. However, it does not take into account the groundwater availability in the deeper aquifers. Names of such cities as intimated by NITI Aayog are given at Annexure - I.
(b) & (c) Practices for efficient and sustainable management of water resources such as conjunctive use of surface water and ground water resources, participatory ground water practices, increasing water use efficiency amongst others need to be promoted on a large scale by involving all the stake-holders to deal with future water demand challenges. Water being a State subject, efforts to initiate suitable demand side and supply side interventions including conservation and management of water resources is primarily States’ responsibility. However, steps taken by the Central Government in this regard are at the following URL:
http://mowr.gov.in/sites/default/files/Steps_to_control_water_depletion_Jun2019.pdf.
Government of India is actively considering the ‘Interlinking of Rivers’ (ILR) programme as one of the interventions for sustainable management of water resources in the country. Under the National Perspective Plan (NPP), for water transfer from water surplus basins to water-deficit basins, the National Water Development Agency (NWDA) has identified 30 links (16 under Peninsular Component and 14 under Himalayan Component) for preparation of Feasibility Reports (FRs). The details of above river linking projects viz., rivers, States concerned, present status are given at Annexure-II.
The implementation of NPP is likely to raise the ultimate irrigation potential through surface and ground water resources from 140 million Ha to 175 million Ha, generation of 34 million KW of power, apart from the incidental benefits of water supply, flood control, drought mitigation, navigation, fisheries, salinity and pollution control etc.
As per information received from Department of Science and Technology, use of seawater in coastal States could be a sustainable solution for availability of drinking water; however, the available technologies are relatively expensive.
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ANNEXURE-I
Annexure referred to in reply to parts (a) of Starred Question No. *63 to be answered in Lok Sabha on 21.11.2019 regarding “Water Scarcity in Major Cities”
Cities likely to face water scarcity as per NITI Aayog report
S.No State City
1. Delhi Delhi
2. Gujrat Gandhinagar
Haryana
Gurgaon, Yamunanagar
3. Karnataka Bangalore
4. Madhya Pradesh Indore, Ratlam
5. Punjab Amritsar, Jalandhar, Ludhiana,
Mohali, Patiala
6. Rajasthan Ajmer, Bikaner, Jaipur, Jodhpur
7. Tamilnadu Chennai, Vellore
8. Andhra Pradesh Hyderabad
9. Uttar Pradesh Agra, Ghaziabad
ANNEXURE-II
Annexure referred to in reply to parts (b) & (c) of Starred Question No. *63 to be answered in Lok Sabha on 21.11.2019 regarding “Water Scarcity in Major Cities”
Present status of Inter Basin Water Transfer Links, the States involved, name of rivers and status of Feasibility Reports/Detailed Project Report
Sl. No Name Rivers Country/States concerned Present Status Status of clearances
Himalayan Component
1. Kosi-Mechi link Kosi &Mechi Bihar , West Bengal & Nepal PFR completed Entirely lies in Nepal -
2. Kosi-Ghaghra link Kosi & Ghaghra Bihar , Uttar Pradesh & Nepal PFR completed -
3. Gandak-Ganga link Gandak & Ganga -do- Draft FR completed
(Indian portion) -
4. Ghaghra-Yamuna link Ghaghra & Yamuna -do- FR completed (Indian portion) -
5. Sarda-Yamuna link Sarda & Yamuna Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand & Nepal FR completed (Indian portion) -
6. Yamuna-Rajasthan link Yamuna & Sukri Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat, Haryana & Rajasthan Draft FR completed -
7. Rajasthan-Sabarmati link Sabarmati -do- Draft FR completed -
8. Chunar-Sone Barrage link Ganga & Sone Bihar & Uttar Pradesh Draft FR completed -
9. Sone Dam – Southern Tributaries of Ganga link Sone & Badua Bihar & Jharkhand PFR completed -
10. Manas-Sankosh-Tista-Ganga (M-S-T-G) link Manas-Sankosh-Tista-Ganga Assam, West Bengal, Bihar& Bhutan PFR completed. -
11. Jogighopa-Tista-Farakka link (Alternative to
M-S-T-G) Manas, Tista & Ganga -do- (Alternative to
M-S-T-G Link) dropped -
12.
Ganga (Farakka)-Sunderbans link Ganga & Ichhamati West Bengal Draft FR completed -
13. Ganga(Farakka)-Damodar-Subernarekha link Ganga, Damodar & Subernarekha West Bengal, Odisha & Jharkhand Draft FR completed -
14. Subernarekha-Mahanadi link Subernarekha & Mahanadi West Bengal & Odisha Draft FR
Completed -
Peninsular Component
15 Mahanadi (Manibhadra) - Godavari (Dowlaiswaram) link Mahanadi & Godavari Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Telangana& Chhattisgarh FR Completed -
16 Godavari (Inchampalli) - Krishna (Nagarjunasagar) link Godavari & Krishna -do- FR Completed -
17 Godavari (Inchampalli) - Krishna (Pulichintala) link Godavari & Krishna -do- FR Completed -
18 Godavari (Polavaram) - Krishna (Vijayawada) link Godavari & Krishna -do- FR Completed -
19 Krishna (Almatti) – Pennar link Krishna & Pennar Maharshtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Telangana FR Completed -
20 Krishna (Srisailam) – Pennar link Krishna & Pennar -do- FR Completed -
21 Krishna (Nagarjunasagar) - Pennar (Somasila ) link Krishna & Pennar -do- FR Completed -
22 Pennar (Somasila) – Palar-Cauvery (Grand Anicut) link Pennar & Cauvery Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala & Puducherry FR Completed -
23 Cauvery (Kattalai)- Vaigai -Gundar link Cauvery, Vaigai & Gundar Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala & Puducherry FR Completed -
24 Ken-Betwa link Ken & Betwa Uttar Pradesh & Madhya Pradesh FR & DPR (Phase-I&II) Completed
Comprehensive DPR sent to Govt. of MP & UP. Phase-I
All statutory clearances (except Stage-II forest clearance and clearance from CEC of Hon’ble Supreme Court) and Techno-economic clearance (July 2016) completed for Phase-I components.
Phase-II
Stage-I Forest clearance, MoTA clearance for Lower Orr dam, Environmental& Forest clearances for Bina complex projects accorded.
25 Parbati -Kalisindh- Chambal link Parbati, Kalisindh & Chambal Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan & Uttar Pradesh (UP requested to be consulted during consensus building) FR Completed -
26 Par-Tapi-Narmada link Par, Tapi & Narmada Maharashtra & Gujarat FR & DPR Completed. Technical appraisal is under progress in CWC.
27 Damanganga - Pinjal link Damanganga & Pinjal Maharashtra & Gujarat FR & DPR Completed Techno-economic clearance accorded.
(July 2016)
28 Bedti - Varda link Bedti & Varda Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh & Karnataka PFR Completed -
29 Netravati – Hemavati link Netravati & Hemavati Karnataka, Tamil Nadu & Kerala PFR Completed -
30 Pamba - Achankovil - Vaippar link Pamba, Achankovil & Vaippar Kerala & Tamil Nadu, FR Completed -
** PFR- Pre -Feasibility Report, FR- Feasibility Report, DPR- Detailed Project Report
Note: NWDA has completed the draft DPR of alternate study of Godavari (Inchampalli/Janampet)-Cauvery (Grand Anicut) link project consists of 3 links viz., Godavari (Inchampalli/Janampet)-Krishna (Nagarjunasagar), Krishna (Nagarjunasagar)-Pennar (Somasila) and Pennar (Somasila)-Cauvery(Grand Anicut) link projects.
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