THE MINISTER OF STATE FOR MINES AND STEEL (SHRI VISHNU DEO SAI)
(a) and (b): The mining sector has been liberalized and is dominated by large number of private sector miners. The productivity varies from company to company depending upon host of factors, including investments and state of technology being deployed. At macro level, according to new series of the Gross Domestic Product, the Gross Value Added by the mining and quarrying sector at constant prises is rising over a period of time. The details are provided in the table presented below:-
GVA at constant prices (at 2011-12 prices)
Mineral 2012-13 (NS) 2013-14 (NS) 2014-15(AE) GVA of Mining & Quarrying Sector (at constant Prices) in Rs. crore 262253 276380 282605
NS : New Series Estimates; AE Advance Estimates; Source; Indian Bureau of Mines
(c) and (d): To attract foreign investment, 100% Foreign Direct Investment is permitted in the mining sector. The National Mineral Policy, 2008 inter alia provides guidance for promoting research and development in the mineral sector directed towards the development of new technologies for conversion of existing mineral resources into viable economic resources and improvement of regulatory environment. Further, the Government has come out with Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Act, 2015 which provides the framework for promoting transparency in the mining sector to boost the investments. However, choice of technology is a commercial decision resting entirely with the mine owners.