ANSWER
THE MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND
FAMILY WELFARE
(SMT. ANUPRIYA PATEL)
(a): As per 2012 GLOBOCAN project of International Agency for Research on Cancer- World Health Organization- India has the fourth highest number of cancer cases globally and ranks second in cancer related mortality amongst women.
Cancer is a multifactorial disease, the risk factors of which, interalia, include ageing population, sedentary life styles, use of tobacco products, unhealthy diet and air pollution.
(b) to (d): A population level initiative of prevention, control and screening for common Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) (diabetes, hypertension and cancer viz. oral, breast and cervical cancer) has been rolled out in over 150 districts of the country in 2017-18 under National Health Mission (NHM), as a part of comprehensive primary healthcare. Under the initiative, frontline health workers such as ASHAs and ANMs, inter alia, are leveraged to carry out screening and generate awareness about the risk factors of NCDs among the masses. This initiative will not only help in early diagnosis but also will generate awareness on risk factors of the diseases. There are 27 erstwhile Regional Cancer Centres in the country providing comprehensive cancer treatment facilities and carrying out cancer prevention and research activities. As informed by the States, about 72 lakhs people have been screened under common NCDs.
Government of India is also implementing National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS) under the National Health Mission for awareness generation for Cancer prevention, opportunistic screening, early detection and referral to an appropriate level institution for treatment. The focus is on three types of common cancers namely breast, cervical and oral cancer. Till June, 2018; 525 District NCD Clinics, 2564 Community Health Centres NCD Clinics and 167 Cardiac Care Units have been set up under the programme. About 8.79 crores people attended the NCD clinics during last four years of which 1.35 lakhs persons were diagnosed with common cancers including oral, Breast and Cervical. Under outreach programme, NCD check ups of 6.41 crores people were done during last four years out of which 4.77 lakhs people were suspected with common cancers including Oral, Breast and Cervical and referred.
Funds for NPCDCS are released under NCD Flexible pool of National Health Mission (NHM). Rs. 904.32 crore were released to the State Governments under NCD Flexible pool during 2017-18. For population based prevention, control, screening and management initiative, funds are also released under Health Systems Strengthening of Mission Flexible pool under NHM. Under the Mission Flexible Pool, Rs.8805.62 cr. was released to States/UTs under NHM during 2017-18. The amount allocated for population based screening activities under this pool was Rs.161.09 crore.
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