(a) whether the Government has carried out any survey or published any report regarding the life expectancy of the Tribal population across various States in India and if so, the summary and the key findings thereof, State/ UT-wise; and
(b) whether the Government has taken any initiative for the betterment of health conditions, especially of Tribal women and children and to increase the life expectancy of the tribals and if so, the details thereof and if not, the reasons therefor?
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF TRIBAL AFFAIRS
(SHRI JASWANTSINH BHABHOR)
(a): Government has not carried out any survey or published any report regarding the life expectancy of the Tribal population in India. However, Office of the Registrar General, India compiles Sample Registration System (SRS) based Abridged Life Tables for India and bigger States / UTs. The estimates of the expectancy of life at selected ages in 2011-15 for India and bigger States / UTs are given at Annexure.
(b): Public health and hospitals being a State subject, the primary responsibility to ensure availability of healthcare services for all population including those in tribal areas lies with the State Governments.
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare through, National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) provide accessible, affordable and quality healthcare, especially to the poor and vulnerable sections of the population, particularly in rural areas. Under the National Health Mission (NHM) which now subsumes the NRHM as a Sub Mission, support is provided to States/UTs to strengthen their healthcare systems including for setting up new /upgrading of existing public health facilities, health human resource on contractual basis, drugs, equipment, diagnostics, ambulances, mobile medical units, etc. based on requirements posed by the States.
Norms for Sub Health Centres (SHCs), Primary Health Centres (PHCs) & community Health Centres (CHCs) in tribal areas are relaxed as under:
Public Health Facility Plain Area Hilly/ Tribal Area
Sub Centre (SC) 5000 3000
Primary Health Centre (PHC) 30,000 20,000
Community Health Centre(CHC) 1,20,000 80,000
All tribal majority districts whose composite health index is below the State average have been identified as High Priority Districts (HPDs) and these districts are expected to receive more resources per capita under the NHM as compared to the rest of the districts in the State. These districts also receive focused attention and supportive supervision. Norms for infrastructure, Human resource, ASHAs, MMUs, etc. , under NHM are relaxed for tribal and hilly areas. Hard area allowance is also provided for serving in remote and tribal areas.
Ministry of Women and Child Development is also implementing a number of schemes such as Anganwadi Services under which six services i.e. Supplementary Nutrition, Pre-school Education, Health & Nutrition Education, Immunization, Health Check-up and Referral Services are provided at the AWCs; Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY) under which cash incentives are given to the pregnant women for first child birth; Scheme for Adolescent Girls under which nutritional support is provided to the 11-14 years out of school Adolescent Girls, etc., for improving the health conditions of women and children including those in the tribal areas.
Ministry of Tribal Affairs supplements the efforts of Central line Ministries as well as State Governments for addressing health and nutrition needs of tribals / tribal areas by way of critical gaps filling.
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Annexure referred to part (a) of Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 244 for 18.12.2017 regarding “Life Expectancy of Tribals”
Expectation of life at selected ages, India and bigger States/UTs, 2011-15
India & bigger States/UTs
Expectation of life at age
0 1 5 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
India* 68.3 70.3 66.9 62.2 52.7 43.5 34.4 25.7 18.0 11.5
Andhra Pradesh 69.0 70.7 66.8 62.0 52.4 43.2 34.3 25.9 18.3 12.1
Assam 64.7 67.1 64.4 59.7 50.3 41.1 32.1 23.6 16.3 10.4
Bihar 68.4 70.1 66.9 62.3 52.7 43.4 34.2 25.2 17.2 10.4
Chhattisgarh 65.2 67.3 63.8 59.1 49.7 40.6 31.8 23.2 15.5 9.0
NCT of Delhi 73.8 74.4 70.6 65.8 56.2 46.8 37.4 28.4 20.3 13.3
Gujarat 69.1 71.3 67.9 63.1 53.6 44.4 35.3 26.5 18.9 12.1
Haryana 69.1 71.3 67.7 62.9 53.3 44.1 35.1 26.5 19.0 12.8
Himachal Pradesh 72.0 74.0 70.4 65.5 55.8 46.4 37.2 28.2 20.1 13.4
Jammu & Kashmir 73.2 75.4 71.6 66.8 57.2 47.7 38.4 29.5 21.6 14.7
Jharkhand 67.2 68.8 65.5 60.9 51.5 42.2 33.2 24.5 17.0 10.8
Karnataka 69.0 70.2 66.5 61.7 52.1 42.9 33.9 25.4 17.6 10.9
Kerala 75.2 75.1 71.2 66.2 56.5 46.9 37.5 28.5 20.2 13.1
Madhya Pradesh 64.8 67.8 64.8 60.3 51.0 42.0 33.0 24.3 16.6 10.4
Maharashtra 72.0 72.5 68.7 63.9 54.3 45.0 35.9 27.1 19.0 12.2
Odisha 66.9 69.1 66.1 61.5 52.2 43.1 34.1 25.6 18.0 11.8
Punjab 72.1 73.0 69.4 64.5 55.0 45.7 36.7 28.2 20.4 13.6
Rajasthan 67.9 70.9 67.5 62.8 53.3 44.0 34.9 26.2 18.6 12.1
Tamil Nadu 71.0 71.5 67.7 62.8 53.3 44.0 34.9 26.2 18.4 11.6
Uttar Pradesh 64.5 67.8 64.7 60.0 50.5 41.3 32.3 23.9 16.6 10.7
Uttarakhand 71.8 72.8 69.2 64.3 54.7 45.5 36.4 28.0 20.4 14.3
West Bengal 70.5 71.6 67.9 63.1 53.5 44.1 34.8 25.9 17.9 11.3
Source: Office of the Registrar General, India
Note :
* : India includes all States / UTs
Andhra Pradesh includes Telangana.