(a) the details of various rural development schemes being implemented in several tribal areas of Karnataka along with the details of the funds allocated for the said purpose during the last one year and the current year, scheme-wise;
(b) whether the Government has decided to construct roads and other infrastructural facilities in the said areas;
(c) if so, the details thereof; and
(d) the time by which the works are likely to start?
MINISTER OF STATE IN THE MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT
(SADHVI NIRANJAN JYOTI)
(a) to(d) The Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD) is implementing various schemes/programmes to bring about overall improvement in the quality of life of the people in rural areas of the country including the tribal areas of the State of Karnataka, through employment generation, strengthening of livelihood opportunities, promoting self-employment, skilling of rural youths, provision of social assistance and other basic amenities. As per the 2011 census, the ST population is 6.95% of the total population of the State of Karnataka and has presence in all the districts of the State, with Mandya district having the least percentage of ST population (1.24%) and Raichur district having the highest percentage of ST population (19.03%).
The details of the schemes/programmes implemented by MoRD along with the funds allocated and progress made in facilities relating to infrastructure under the schemes in the State of Karnataka during the last one year and the current year are given below:
(i) Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme: The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (Mahatma Gandhi NREGS) is a demand driven wage employment programme which provide for the enhancement of livelihood security of the households in rural areas of the country by providing at least one hundred days of guaranteed wage employment in every financial year to every household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work.
Being a demand driven wage employment programme, no State/UT-wise (including Karnataka) financial allocation has been made. Under Mahatma Gandhi NREGS, the fund released by Central Government to the State of Karnataka was Rs. 5546.20 crore in the FY 2019-20 and Rs. 5402.29 crore in the FY 2020-21 (as on 18.03.2021). In the State of Karnataka, during FY 2019-20, a total of 2.24 lakh ST households have been provided employment and during the FY 2020-21, as on 20.03.2021, a total of 2.95 lakh ST households have been provided employment under the scheme.
As per the Schedule I of Mahatma Gandhi NREG Act, 2005, Rural Infrastructure, Providing all – weather rural road connectivity to unconnected villages and to connect identified rural production centers to the existing pucca road network and construction of pucca internal road or streets including side drains and culverts within a village, are permissible activities. In the FY 2020-21 (as on 18.03.2021), 17304 Rural connectivity works have been completed and 61560 works are ongoing in the State of Karnataka.
(ii) Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM): This Ministry is implementing Deendayal AntyodayaYojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM) across the country including the tribal areas of Karnataka since 2011 in a mission mode with the objective of organizing the rural poor women into Self Help Groups (SHGs), and continuously nurturing and supporting them to take economic activities till they attain appreciable increase in income over a period of time to improve their quality of life and come out of abject poverty. The programme aims to ensure that at least one woman member from each rural poor household (about 9 crore) is brought into women SHGs and their federations within a definite time frame. DAY-NRLM is a centrally sponsored programme that aims at eliminating rural poverty through promotion of multiple livelihoods for each rural poor household. As on 20.03.2021, out of the total 24.7 lakh SHG members of Karnataka, 2.03 lakh SHG members belong to ST category.
For the State of Karnataka, during the FY 2019-20, a total fund of Rs. 154.36 crore has been allocated and a total of Rs. 95.72 crore has been released and during the current FY 2020-21 (as on 18.03.2021), a total fund of Rs. 174.09 crore has been allocated and a total of Rs. 174.09 crore has been released under NRLM.
This Ministry had implemented National Rural Livelihoods Project (NRLP) from July 2011 to June 2018 that facilitated in establishing DAY-NRLM’s “proof-of-concept” in 13 high poverty states (Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Odisha, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal) by helping in development of implementation architecture, initiating social mobilization and capacity building, providing capitalization support and establishing credit linkage with banks. Considering the emerging priorities of the Mission, the Ministry initiated the implementation of the next phase of the project, viz. National Rural Economic Transformation Project (NRETP) in the same 13 States with the focus on strengthening federations of women Self Help Groups, forming livelihoods collectives under farm and non-farm sectors and focus on digital finance and risk coverage.
For the State of Karnataka, during the FY 2019-20, the Central Government has allocated a total fund of Rs.9.74 crore and released a total of Rs.9.74 crore under NRETP and during the current FY 2020-21(as on 18.03.2021), the Central Government has allocated a total fund of 7.22 crore and released a total of Rs. 5.42 crore under NRETP.
(iii) Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY) and Rural Self Employment and Training Institutes (RSETIs): DDU-GKY is a placement linked skill development scheme for rural poor. It has inclusive design program with mandatory coverage of 50% of Schedule Caste (SC)/ Schedule Tribes (SC/ST) groups. Also, 50% of the funds are earmarked for SCs and STs with the proportion between SCs and STs being decided from time to time by the MoRD. Skill development through RSETI is a skill training and skill upgradation training program for rural poor youth including from tribal communities to mitigate the unemployment problem. It provides skilling thereby enabling the trainee to take bank credit and start his/her own Micro-enterprise.
Both DDU-GKY and RSETI Schemes are demand driven schemes and funds are released to States as per demands raised by them against approved Action Plans. As such, there is no provision for State wise allocation of funds under the above mentioned two schemes. During the FY 2019-20 and FY2020-21, no fund has been released by the Central Government to the State Government of Karnataka under DDU-GKY. The State has an unspent balance of Rs 78.58 crores as on 28.02.2021, out of funds released earlier. During the FY 2019-20, 725 ST candidates have been trained and 853 ST Candidates have been placed in the State of Karnataka. Similarly during the FY 2020-21 (till February, 2021), 78 ST candidates have been trained and 173 ST candidates have been placed in Karnataka. Under RSETI, during the FY 2019-20, a total fund of Rs. 2.63 crore has been released and during the FY 2020-21 (up to February, 2021) a total fund of Rs. 7.23 crore has been released to the State of Karnataka. During the FY 2019-20, 2349 ST candidates have been trained and 1992 ST Candidates have been settled in the State of Karnataka. Similarly during the FY 2020-21 (till February, 2021), 1248 ST candidates have been trained and 785 ST candidates have been settled in Karnataka.
(iv) Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana-Gramin (PMAY-G): The Ministry of Rural Development is implementing PMAY-G with effect from 1st April, 2016 to provide assistance to eligible rural households for construction of 2.95 crore Pucca houses with basic amenities to achieve the objective of “Housing for All” by 2022. Under PMAY-G, there is provision for earmarking of 60% of funds for Scheduled Caste (SC)/ Scheduled Tribe (ST) category beneficiaries.
Under PMAY-G, as on 17.03.2021, a total of 1,75,371 houses have been sanctioned and 87,529 houses have been completed in State of Karnataka. Out of these, a total of 31,360 houses have been sanctioned and 18,492 houses have been completed for ST category beneficiaries. During the FY 2019-20, a total fund of Rs. 309.60 crore has been released to the State of Karnataka. No fund has been released to the State of Karnataka during the current FY 2020-21.
(v) Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY): PMGSY was started in the year 2000 with the objective to provide all-weather road connectivity to eligible unconnected habitations. The mandate of the scheme was subsequently widened and new interventions viz. PMGSY-II and PMGSY-III were added for upgradation of the existing rural road network which connect habitations to the various facilities and services.
Since inception of the scheme till date (18/03/2021), a total of 24,028 Km road length has been sanctioned to the state of Karantaka under PMGSY and 18,896 Km road length has been completed, including the tribal areas of Karnataka. During the FY 2019-20, a total fund of Rs. 534.24 crore has been released and during FY 2020-21 (as on 19.03.2021), a total fund of Rs. 49.29 has been released under PMGSY to the State of Karnataka.
As reported by the Government of Karanataka, no special scheme has been formulated in Karnataka for tribal areas. However, Tribal Sub Plan works under state fund for Namma Grama Namma Raste Yojan Scheme has been taken up for tribal population dominated areas. In the State of Karnataka, under the Scheme, during FY 2019-20, Rs.176.18 crore has been allocated, Rs. 132.135 crore has been released and an expenditure of Rs.119.62 crore has been made. Similarly, in FY 2020-21(as on 18.03.2021), Rs. 48.989 crore has been allocated, Rs. 48.98 crore has been released and an expenditure of Rs. 17.27 crore has been made under the scheme.
(vi) National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP): NSAP is a social security/social welfare programme for below poverty line households applicable to senior citizens, widows, disabled persons and bereaved families on death of primary bread winner. It is universally implemented in all States/Uts including tribal areas of Karnataka.
For the State of Karnataka, during the FY 2019-20, total fund allocated was Rs. 520.47 crore and total fund released was Rs. 520.47 crore. During the current FY 2020-21, a total fund of Rs. 525.23 crore has been allocated and a total fund of Rs. 407.40 crore (as on 15.03.2021) has been released to the State of Karnataka under NSAP. The number of ST beneficiaries under NSAP is 48510.
(vii) Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Rurban Mission (SPMRM): The Shyama Prasad Mukherji Rurban Mission (SPMRM) launched in February 2016, is a scheme with the objective to stimulate local economic development, enhance basic services, and create well planned Rurban clusters. The mission takes cluster as a unit for development. 300 Clusters from all the States/ Uts are selected in the first phase of the Mission in Tribal and Non-Tribal categories. SPMRM provides the Critical Gap Funding (CGF) to the projects which directly or indirectly bring economic growth. SPMRM aims to provide amenities in four categories viz Basic, Economic, Social and Digital and promotes economic growth through integrated and balanced investments with social inclusion.
The State of Karnataka has been allotted eight (08) Rurban clusters under three phases of SPMRM. Out of which, five clusters are identified as Tribal in two districts of Ballari and Raichur. No CGF was released during the current and previous financial year to these five clusters. The total investment approved in these five clusters is Rs. 253.25 crore, out of which Rs.41.26 crore of expenditure has been made so far under Convergence and CGF. The works are already under implementation in these clusters and as per the Rurbansoft MIS, of the total 1,632 works proposed, 50 works are already completed and 107 works are currently ongoing.
Apart from the above mentioned schemes of MoRD, the Ministry of Jal Shakti , in partnership with States, is implementing Jal Jeevan Mission-Har Ghar Jal (JJM), which aims at providing potable water through tap water connection to every rural households of the country including those of tribal areas of Karnataka by 2024. Under JJM, in 2019-20, Govt. of Karnataka has been allotted Rs. 546.06 crore and the entire amount has been released. Further, in 2020-21, The State of Karnataka has been allocated Rs.1189.40 crore, out of which the State has drawn Rs. 296.29 crore so far.
Ministry of Tribal Affairs has informed that it is implementing following Schemes/programmes for the tribal areas of the country including the State of Karnataka:
(i) Scheme of Development of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs): With the objective to bring about overall socio-economic development and welfare of 75 identified vulnerable sections among tribals who are classified as the Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs), Government has extended financial assistance under the “Scheme of Development of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)” to the PVTG concentrated State/UT Governments including the State of Karnataka. Funds under the PVTG scheme are released to the State Governments including Karnataka based on their proposals for development of these 75 classified PVTGs tribal communities in the diverse sectors of education, housing, land distribution, land development, agricultural development, animal husbandry, construction of link roads, installation of non-conventional sources of energy for lighting purpose, social security, conservation of culture and traditional practices or any other innovative activity targeted at 75 PVTG communities in the nature of gap filling intervention. The scheme envisages drawing up of Conservation-Cum-Development (CCD) Plans by the State /UT Governments aimed at long term development of the communities.
(ii) Eklavya Model Residential Schools: Eklavya Model Residential School (EMRS) was introduced in the year 1997-98 to provide quality upper primary, secondary and senior secondary level education to Scheduled Tribes (ST) students (Class 6th to 12th) in remote areas to enable them to access the best opportunities in education and to bring them at par with the general population. Realizing the importance of the EMRS, in the Union Budget of 2018-19, Government announced that every block with more than 50% ST population and at least 20,000 tribal persons, is to have an EMRS by the year 2022. Accordingly, the target of establishing 740 EMRSs in the country by the year 2022 has been set. 12 EMRSs have been sanctioned to the State of Karnataka, out of these 10 are reported to be functional till date.
(iii) Grants-in-aid under Proviso to Article 275(1) of Constitution of India: Grants under Article 275 (1) of the Constitution is 100% grant from Government of India. Funding under this programme is to enable the State to meet the cost of such schemes of development as may be undertaken by the State for the purpose of promoting the welfare of Scheduled Tribes in that State, raising the level of administration of Scheduled Areas therein to that of the administration of the rest of the areas of that State. Government has adopted a multi pronged strategy for overall development of tribal people across the country which includes various sectors viz. (i) Education (ii) Health(iii)Agriculture, Horticulture, Animal Husbandry (AH), Fisheries, Dairy & others in Primary Sector (iv) Other income generating schemes to augment Tribal household economy and (v) Administrative structure (incl. manpower) /Institutional framework & Research studies.
(iv) Special Central Assistance to Tribal Sub Scheme: Ministry of Tribal Affairs is implementing the scheme of Special Central Assistance to Tribal Sub-Scheme (SCA to TSS) wherein 100% grants is provided to the State Governments, including Government of Karnataka, for activities related to education, health, sanitation, water supply, livelihood, skill development, minor infrastructure etc., to bridge the gap between Scheduled (ST) population and others as a critical gap filling measure. The scheme of SCA to TSS is demand driven and funds are provided to State Government inter-alia for last mile road connectivity and other infrastructure facilities based on their proposals. Receipt of proposals and sanction of funds for them is a continuous process.
Details of the fund allocated/released and expenditure/Utilization made during the last year and current year under the Schemes/ programmes of the Ministry of Tribal Affairs for the State of Karnataka are at Annexure.
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Annexure as refer in part (a) to (d) of the reply to Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 4498 due for 23.03.2021.
I. Development of Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs):
(Rs. in Crore)
Sl.
No. Name of activity Financial Year Amount Released
1. Housing for PVTGs (Jenukurba and Koraga PVTG).
Physical targets 2732 unit cost @Rs.3.50 lakhs 2019-20 19.33
2. Housing for PVTGs (Jenukurba and Koraga PVTG).
Physical targets 2732 unit cost @Rs.3.50 lakhs 2020-21
3. Individual Irrigation Scheme: Under the scheme,
irrigation borewells will be drilled in the land belonging
to PVTG farmers and also land rights given under FRA, 4.38
those farmers whose landholdings are less than 5 acres.
The successful well, so drilled, will be provided with
pumpset and other accessories, and later, it will be
energized.
Unit cost: Rs.3.00 lakhs.
Target No. of beneficiaries:145 2020-21
4. Individual Irrigation Scheme for Koragas in
Dakshina Kannada and Udupi Districts:
14 metre Dug wells @ Unit cost :Rs.91,000/-
Target No. of beneficiaries:100 2020-21
II. Scheme of Gants under Article 275(1) of the Constitution (including Eklavya Model Residential Schools)
Year 2019-2020 * 2020-21
Fund released (in crore) 104.35 33.06
* including EMRS
III. Scheme of Special Central Assistance to Tribal Sub-Scheme (SCA to TSS):
(Rs. in crore)
Year Funds Released
2019-20 74.34
2020-21 (as on 20.03.2021) 0.00*
* Funds could not be released due to large Utilization Certificate (UC) due on part of Government of Karnataka for previous years’ releases.
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